Design a high-throughput, low-latency URL shortening service that generates short aliases for long URLs with custom aliases, analytics, and expiration.
Design a real-time ride-matching and location tracking engine handling millions of concurrent drivers and riders with low-latency matching and dispatch.
Design a secure, highly scalable real-time chat application supporting 1-on-1 messaging, group chats, message delivery receipts, and user presence tracking.
Design a fault-tolerant, ultra low-latency distributed rate limiter capable of protecting multi-tier APIs against DDoS and noisy neighbors across global regions.
Design a video sharing and streaming architecture supporting large video uploads, asynchronous transcoding into multi-bitrate chunks, and seamless playback worldwide.